Seoul, December 3, 2024 – South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol announced the imposition of emergency martial law in an unannounced press conference late Tuesday night. This declaration marks the first use of martial law in South Korea since 1980, a gap of 44 years.
The decision was prompted by what the administration described as “anti-state forces” threatening to undermine South Korea’s democratic institutions and national security. President Yoon emphasized that the action is necessary to safeguard the nation’s free democracy and protect its citizens from destabilizing forces.
Martial Law Directive No. 1: Key Provisions
The government, under the authority of the Martial Law Command, issued the first official proclamation, outlining six strict measures:
- Suspension of Political Activities: All activities of the National Assembly, local councils, political parties, and other political organizations are prohibited, including assemblies, rallies, and protests.
- Ban on Anti-Democratic Actions: Acts that deny or seek to overthrow the liberal democratic system, including the dissemination of fake news, public manipulation, and false propaganda, are strictly forbidden.
- Control Over Media: All media and publications are placed under the control of the Martial Law Command to prevent the spread of misinformation.
- Ban on Strikes and Disruptive Activities: Strikes, slowdowns, and gatherings that could incite social unrest are prohibited.
- Mandated Return of Medical Workers: Medical professionals on strike or absent from duty, including resident doctors, are ordered to return to their posts within 48 hours or face punishment under martial law.
- Minimizing Disruption for Ordinary Citizens: The proclamation ensures that ordinary, law-abiding citizens experience minimal disruption to their daily lives.
Violators of these provisions face severe penalties under the Martial Law Act, including warrantless arrests, detentions, and the potential for harsh sentences.
Historical Significance
This marks a rare and controversial moment in South Korea’s modern history. The last instance of martial law in 1980 led to the Gwangju Uprising, a pivotal event that shaped the country’s democratic evolution. President Yoon’s move places the nation at a crossroads, where the balance between national security and democratic freedoms will be tested.
Update: National Assembly Passes Resolution to Lift Martial Law
On the 4th of December, the National Assembly convened a plenary session and passed a resolution demanding the termination of martial law.
During the session, the resolution was approved unanimously, with all 190 members present voting in favor.
The Office of the Speaker of the National Assembly announced, “With the passage of the resolution to lift martial law, the declaration of martial law is null and void.”